Few nations march to war with a smile on their face. Yesterday Israel began its newest march to war after two soldiers were captured by Hezbollah militants. Undoubtedly there will be a minority among the wars critics who will paint Israel as smiling Zionists but these accusations will be nothing new.
Israel's level headed critics have focused on the proportionality of the response to the kidnappings. They echo the arguments laid out by Qatar in its UN resolution condemning Israel's activities in the Gaza Strip.* When the kidnapping is viewed as an isolated incident it is a compelling argument. After all how can one justify a full scale military assault on a country because of a single attack by a terrorist group operating within its borders which killed three and resulted in the kidnapping of two. Certainly a response is required but a full bombing campaign could easily seem excessive.
To understand Israel's response we must first look at Lebanon and Hezbollah. Hezbollah should not be viewed as a traditional terrorist organization although it has been labeled as such by the US and EU. Rather Hezbollah is a quasi governmental body which supports and encourages terrorist activities. It has a political wing active in Lebanese politics that provides services like health care and education which are traditionally associated with governmental bodies. Its political wing holds 14 of 128 parliamentary seats and is a member of the second largest parliamentary alliance.
It is this quasi-governmental nature of Hezbollah that affects how Israel must respond. If Hezbollah where simply a terrorist organization operating in hiding then Israel would be able to work with the Lebanese government to stop Hezbollah's attacks. But this is not the case, Lebanon allows Hezbollah to operate freely in their society. The Lebanese government and Hezbollah are so heavily intertwined that Israel has few options other than military options.
This is not to say that Israel does not have a responsibility to minimize the human costs of war. Israel should take every step to minimize civilization casualties. Already they have dropped leaflets warning civilians to stay away from Hezbollah controlled buildings. That said in its own defense Israel has the right to destroy Hezbollah controlled infrastructure and the infrastructure that actively helps to support Hezbollah.
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* For the purpose of clarity it should be noted that Israel's activities in the Gaza Strip are only tangentially related to their offensive in Lebanon. None the less the root of both situations are strikingly similar and the criticism applicable in both cases. For the purpose of this article I am focusing on the Israeli-Lebonese conflict.



